Axminster loom



May 8, 1934. E, J DAQEY 1,958,13Q

AXMINSTER LOOM Original Filed July 20, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 8, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT FFEC AXMINSTER LOOM Application July 20, 1932, Serial No. 623,582

Renewed November 18, 1933 7 Claims.

Which assists in the formation of the tufts.

, ment of the tuft yarns. in alignment with the reed dents and lie be- It has been proposed heretofore to provide an Axminster loom with a nose board to cooperate with spacing-plates to prevent lateral displace- The spacing-plates are tween the several fingers of the nose board, thus acting with the reed to define guide aisles for the color yarns. In the past each finger has been made with a substantially fiat downwardly and rearwardly extending guide surface, and a hook at the upper end of the surface to hold the tufts and the fell of the cloth.

In constructions as already outlined the first v pick of a tuft forming cycle is allowed to remain behind the hook and at some point along the guide surface, the tuft yarns being thereafter placed behind this pick by the dipping of the tube frames, and the second pick being inserted behind the tufts. The lay then beats both picks of filling,

- together with their color yarns, up the inclined surfaces. Because of the straight surface, there is no turning of the tuft yarns until they pass over the hooks at the top of the guide surfaces.

v This mode of operation requires the color yarns I to complete their bending from a downward to an upward position and pass through the binder warps in a time found in some instances to be too short for the correct placing of the threads.

It is an important object of my present invention to modify the guide face of each finger so that the turning of the tuft yarns is accomplished in two steps, the bending thereby being distributed over more time than formerly. This result may be achieved by providing each finger with a rearwardly facing cavity the lower portion of which may be substantially horizontal. With such a finger the color yarns are moved from a downward to a rearward horizontal position during the first part of the upward movement of the shots of filling toward the hook, with the color yarns between the binders. The yarns then move up the remainder of the inclined guide faces before reaching the hooks, thereby giving said color yarns sufficient time to adjust themselves. The second part of the tuft forming operation then follows when the shots of filling carry the tuft over the hooks to raise the rear ends of the color yarns to vertical position.

The center line of the binder sheds has usually extended between the top and bottom of the guide surfaces and it is a further object of my invention to provide the aforesaid horizontal portion of the cavity at a point somewhat above the center line of the binders so that the first pick which is moved into the cavity will be held in such a position by the downward pressure of the binder warps. By this arrangement the color yarns are insured sufficient room for proper movement when they are dipped between the binders by the tube frame. So far as theretention of the first shot of filling is concerned the cavity may be considered as defining a secondary hook, the first mentioned or primary hook remaining as in previous forms.

With these and other objects in View which will appear as the description proceeds, my invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings wherein a convenient embodiment of my invention is set forth,

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through a portion of an Axminster loom showing certain parts which cooperate with my approved nose board,

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of one of the fingers O forming my improved nose board,

Figs. 3 to 9 are diagrammatic views represent ing successive positions of the binders, color yarns, and shots of filling during part of the tuft forming cycle, and

Fig. 10 is a detail plan of a portion of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, I have shown a loom frame 10 having a bottom shaft 11 and a pullover shaft 12. Front and back cutter blades 13 and 14, respectively, are mounted to operate in substantially the usual manner and the transporting chain 15 supplies tube frames 16 one at a time to be moved by transfer mechanism 17 from the chain to tuft forming position. A cloth board 18 may be fixed to the loom to support the fabric F, and a reed 19 rocking about an axis 20 moves the shots of filling to the fell of the cloth along the binder warps B and B.

The reed is formed of a series of vertical plates 21 parallel to the binder threads, and there is a series of yarn guide plates 22 mounted on a supporting structure 23. The latter is movable about a shaft 24 to move the plates toward and from the reed, and the plates are arranged to align with the dents of the reeds so that the warp threads and the tuft yarns can move in the guide aisles defined by the reed dents and the plates. The cams 25, 26 and 27 mounted on the web 28 secured to the shaft 11 rock the lay in such a manner as to give the same one partial and two full forward movements during a tuft forming cycle.

The loom operates substantially the same as that shown in co-pending application Serial No. 575,190.

My present invention relates more particularly to the form of the finger which assists in the tuft formation and in carrying my invention into effect I extend rearwardly from the cloth board 18 a nose board 30 formed of a series of fingers 31. Each finger includes a primary upwardly extending hook 32 and a downwardly and rearwardly extending inclined guide face 33. The fingers are recessed as at 34 below the guide surface 33 and a horn 35 projects rearwardly to facilitate entry of the reed dents when the lay advances.

I find it is convenient to recess each finger as at 34 to make room for the forward lower corner of the yarn tubes 36 when the tube frames roll in the first part of the tuft forming operation after being inserted between the binder warps. The fingers are provided with cloth supporting surface 37 in front of the horn 32 and this s1u'- face is substantially fiat and may be horizontal. Lying between the hook 32 and the inclined guide surface 33 is a recess 38 the lower part of which is defined by a surface 39 lying somewhat above the plane defined by the surfaces 37 of the several fingers. The surface 39 merges with the guide 33 at a shoulder 40 which for certain purposes may be considered as a secondary hook.

The operation of my improved form of finger and nose board will be apparent from the description of the diagrammatic Figures 3 to 9. Fig. 3 illustrates the relative position of the reed, plate 22 and nose board fingers at the beginning of a tuft forming cycle. The pick of filling F, which is the first of the cycle, lies between the upper and lower binders B and B, respectively. The relation of the surface 37 to the surface 39 and shoulder 40 is such that the center line of the shed defined by the binders will lie below the shoulder. As the lay advances the pick of filling will therefore be raised somewhat to pass over the shoulder and rest on the surface 39.

As is usual in looms of this type, the binders will reverse at this time to assist in holding the pick of filling F in forward position on surface 39. The fact that this surface is slightly above the surface 37 places the binders under a sufficient strain to hold the pick of filling on the surface 39. The reed assumes the position shown in Fig. 4 when advancing the filling to the position described and it will be noticed that the reed dents do not move to their extreme forward position, but stop before reaching the hooks 32.

As the lay moves rearwardly the tube frame T is dipped so that the yarn tubes 36 pass down between the binders B and B with the color yarns 41 thereof projecting downwardly. The second pick of filling F is inserted behind the tuft yarns between the binders B and B. During this part of the operation the plates 22 move rearwardly to approximately the position shown in Fig. 6 to form the aforesaid guide aisles with the reed.

The reed and the plates 22 now move forwardly, the effect of which is to move pick F up the inclined face 33 over the shoulder 40. At the beginning of this step the color yarns from the yarn tubes project downwardly and will be bent backwardly slightly when engaging the surfaces 33. As soon as the color yarns are forced over the shoulders 40 by pick F their rear ends will rise and project rearwardly, as at 42 in Fig. '7, due to the fact that the surface 39 of each finger is substantially horizontal. The ends of the color yarn will remain in substantially the horizontal position shown in Fig. '7 as they move up the rear face of the hook 32.

When the moving yarns have reached the position shown in Fig. 8 the rear part of the color yarn will be bent upwardly as at 43 by the primary hooks, and further forward movement of the reed. results in a snapping of the cloth down on the cloth board surfaces 37, thus completing the turning of the tuft ends, so that the latter will be upright and held against rearward displacement by the primary hooks.

It will he noted that during this second pick the lay has its extreme forward movement to force both the first and second shots of filling over the hooks 32. It will also be seen that the turning of the color yarns is in two stages, the interval during which the yarns move from the shoulder 40 to the hook 32 giving said color yarns an op portunity to adjust themselves and become properly aligned with respect to the binder warps.

After the tuft has been pushed in front of the hooks, as shown in Fig. 8, the tube frame may be raised to pull off yarn for the next tuft, after which the cutters will operate to sever the tufts from the tube frame. The binders will again be closed and th lay moved backwardly preparatory to the laying of the third pick F which is also later pushed over the hook by the reed.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided an improved form of finger for the nose board of an Axminster loom wherein provision is made for accomplishing bending of the color yarns in two successive stages, the first permitting the yarns to align themselves properly with respect to the binders, and the second completing the yarn bending operation. It will also be seen that the surfaces 39, being above the plane of the cloth established by surfaces 37, serve to hold the first pick of filling in proper position behind the primary hook as the reed moves rearwardly. In this connection the shoulder 40 forms in effeet a secondary hook for retaining the first of the picks of filling in a tuft forming cycle. I wish it to be understood that the order of operation as described herein need not be followed exactly in order to derive the benefits of my invention, and that so far as certain phases of the invention are concerned it is not necessary to employ the plates 22, although in the particular form of loom set forth they have been found useful in guiding the color yarns.

Having thus described my invention it will be seen that changes and modifications may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and I do not wish to be limited to the details herein disclosed, but what I claim is:

1. In an Axminster loom operating with binder warps and yarn tubes to be projected through the plane of and between the binder warps, a nose board having a series of spaced fingers lying between the binder warps and in register with the yarn tubes, the yarn from the tubes being inserted between the binders behind the plates, means on each finger defining a pocket which is concave toward the yarn tubes, the lower end of the pocket extending rearwardly, an inclined face on each plate extending downwardly and rearwardly behind the pocket, and means to move the yarns up the inclined face and into the pocket to raise the free end of the yarns to points between the binders, and to thereafter advance the tufts to the fell of the cloth.

2. In an Axminster loom operating with binder warps and yarn tubes to be projected through the plane of and between the binder warps, a nose board having a series of spaced fingers lying between the binder warps and in register with the yarn tubes, the yarn from the tubes being inserted between the binders behind the fingers the rear face of each finger having a lower inclined surface and a pocket thereabove concave rearwardly, and means to move the tuft yarns up the inclined surface, into the pockets and then to the fell of the cloth.

3. In an Axminster loom operating with binder warps and yarn tubes to be projected through the plane of and between the binder warps, a nose board having a series of spaced fingers lying between the binder warps and in register with the yarn tubes, the yarn from the tubes being inserted between the binders behind the fingers, an upwardly extending hook formed on each finger located behind the fell of the cloth, the rear of each finger having a lower surface inclined toward the hook and having a rearwardly concave pocket between the hook and the lower inclined surface, and means to move the tuft yarns up the lower inclined face, into the pocket, and then over the hook to the fell of the cloth, the part of the finger forming the pocket being positioned to direct the free ends of the color yarns upwardly between the binders.

4. In an Axminster loom operating with binder warps and yarn tubes to be projected through the plane of and between the binder warps, a nose board having a series of spaced fingers lying between the binder warps and in register with the yarn tubes, the yarn from the tubes being inserted between the binders behind the fingers, an upwardly extending hook formed on each finger located behind the fell of the cloth, each finger having a lower guide surface inclined toward the hook, the plane of the binder warps being located between the bottom of the inclined surfaces and the hooks, and the rear of each finger having a rearwardly facing concave pocket between the inclined surface and the hooks, and means to move the color yarns up the inclined surface and into the pocket to a position between the binders, and thereafter over the hook to the fell of the cloth.

5. In an Axminster loom operating with binder warps and yarn tubes to be projected through and between the binders, a nose board having fingers located between the binders and in alignment with the tubes, a primary hook at the fell of the cloth formed on each finger, a secondary hook on each finger behind and below the primary hook, and means to advance a pick of filling over the secondary hook and on a later beat of the loom move said pick together with another pick over the primary hook.

6. In an Axminster loom operating with binder warps and yarn tubes to be projected through and between the binders, a nose board having fingers located between the binders and in alignment with the tubes, a cloth retaining hook on each finger immediately behind the fell of the cloth, a downwardly and rearwardly inclined guide surface on each finger below the hook there of, a substantially horizontal surface on each finger between the hook and guide surface thereof, said horizontal surface located above the normal center line of the binder warp shed, and means to force a shot of filling and tuft yarn up each guide surface, along the corresponding horizontal surface, and over the corresponding hook.

7. A finger for an Axminster loom nose board, said finger having a cloth fell positioning hook, a guide surface inclined downwardly and rearwardly with respect to the hook, and said finger having a substantially horizontal surface between the hook and guide surface over which tuft yarns pass when moving from the guide surface to the hook.

EDWARD J. DACEY. 

